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SOCIOECONOMIC AND INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS AS DETERMINANTS FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN NORTHERN PAKISTAN

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28 Pages : 341-355

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(VIII-I).28      10.31703/ger.2023(VIII-I).28      Published : Mar 2023

Socio-Economic and Institutional Factors as Determinants for the Performance of Primary School Children in Northern Pakistan

Abstract

    This study was undertaken to find the factors that influence student outcomes in government primary schools in district Mardan. Multistage sampling was used. The sample was calculated through proportional allocation. The data was collected through questionnaires. The regression result showed that students’ outcomes are significantly influenced by the education of the guardian and the education of the household head. Middle-class children get good marks compared to lower-middle or above-middle class. A boy student gets 7 marks less than a girl student. The cost other than the tuition fee also affects student outcome and free lunch is a strong predictor of percentage marks. The study recommends that Schools should be provided with proper funding. Special attention may be given to lower middle-class students to improve their percentage marks. The gender difference must be kept in mind and attempts must be made to devise ways to improve male student’s marks.

    Students’ Outcomes, Primary Schools, Linear Regression, Ordered Logistic Regression, Gender Effect.

    (1) Muhammad Bilal
    MS Scholar, Department of Economics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Jalal Khan
    MS Scholar, Department of Economics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Kamran
    Assistant professor, Department of Management Sciences, University of Haripur, KP, Pakistan.
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Cite this article

APA

    APA : Bilal, M., Khan, J., & Kamran, M. (2023). Socio-Economic and Institutional Factors as Determinants for the Performance of Primary School Children in Northern Pakistan. Global Economics Review, VIII(I), 341-355. https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(VIII-I).28

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Bilal, Muhammad, Jalal Khan, and Muhammad Kamran. 2023. "Socio-Economic and Institutional Factors as Determinants for the Performance of Primary School Children in Northern Pakistan." Global Economics Review, VIII (I): 341-355 doi: 10.31703/ger.2023(VIII-I).28

HARVARD

    HARVARD : BILAL, M., KHAN, J. & KAMRAN, M. 2023. Socio-Economic and Institutional Factors as Determinants for the Performance of Primary School Children in Northern Pakistan. Global Economics Review, VIII, 341-355.

MHRA

    MHRA : Bilal, Muhammad, Jalal Khan, and Muhammad Kamran. 2023. "Socio-Economic and Institutional Factors as Determinants for the Performance of Primary School Children in Northern Pakistan." Global Economics Review, VIII: 341-355

MLA

    MLA : Bilal, Muhammad, Jalal Khan, and Muhammad Kamran. "Socio-Economic and Institutional Factors as Determinants for the Performance of Primary School Children in Northern Pakistan." Global Economics Review, VIII.I (2023): 341-355 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Bilal, Muhammad, Khan, Jalal, and Kamran, Muhammad (2023), "Socio-Economic and Institutional Factors as Determinants for the Performance of Primary School Children in Northern Pakistan", Global Economics Review, VIII (I), 341-355

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Bilal, Muhammad, Jalal Khan, and Muhammad Kamran. "Socio-Economic and Institutional Factors as Determinants for the Performance of Primary School Children in Northern Pakistan." Global Economics Review VIII, no. I (2023): 341-355. https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(VIII-I).28