TRADE DEVELOPMENT IN PAKISTAN AN EVIDENCE BY GRAVITY MODEL APPROACH

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2022(VII-II).08      10.31703/ger.2022(VII-II).08      Published : Jun 2
Authored by : Allah Bux Lakhan , Zulfiqar Ali Keeryo , Faiz Muhammad Khuwaja

08 Pages : 90-102

References

  • Amir, F., Dey, S., Jamali. G. A. & Mulluk, A. W. (2021). Pakistan and India Trade: Prospects and challenges, Global Scientific Journals, 9, 2,
  • Achakzai, J. K. (2006). Intra-ECO Trade: A Potential Region for Pakistan’s Future Trade. The Pakistan Development Review, 45(3), 425–437. https://doi.org/10.30541/v45i3pp.425-437
  • Ahmed, S. & Ghani, E. (2007), South Asia's Growth and Regional Integration; an overview. In South Asia; Growth and Regional Integration. Washington, DC, World Bank.
  • Anderson, J.E. (1979). A Theoretical Foundation for the Gravity Equation. American Economic Review, 69(1), 106- 116.
  • Anderson, J. E, & van Wincoop, E. (2001). Border, Trade and welfare, Working Paper 508. Boston, MA; Department of Economics, Boston College.
  • Baltagi, B. H. (2000). Econometric Analysis of Panel Data, Chapter 14. Englewood Cliffs, NJ; Prentice-Hall.
  • Akhtar, S., & Malik, F. (2000). Pakistan'strade performance vis-a-vis its major trading. The Pakistan Development Review, 39(1), 37-50.
  • Batra, A. (2006). India’s Global Trade Potential: The Gravity Model Approach. Global Economic Review, 35(3), 327– 361. https://doi.org/10.1080/12265080600888090
  • Bussiere, M., & Schnatz, B. (2006). Evaluating China's Integration in World Trade with a Gravity Model Based Benchmark, Working Paper 693, Frankfurt; European Central Bank.
  • Jomit, C. P. (2014). Export Potential of Environmental Goods in India: A Gravity Model Analysis. Transnational Corporations Review, 6(2), 115–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/19186444.2014.11658386
  • Alexander, B. D. (2009). The Gravity Model and the Test for the Regional Integration Effect: The Case of Tanzania. The Journal of Developing Areas, 43(1), 25–44. https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.0.0040
  • Frankel, J. A., & Rome, D. (1999). Does trade causes economic growth? American Economic Review, 89(3), 379-399.
  • Fontoura, M. P., Marttnez-Galln, E., & Dias Proenca, I. M. (2006). Trade Potential in an Enlarged European Union: A Recent Approach. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2718065
  • Gujrati, B. N. (2003). Panel Data Regression Models. In Basic Econometrics (4th ed.). New York; McGraw-Hill.
  • Gul, N., & M. Yasin, H. (2011). The Trade Potential of Pakistan: An Application of the Gravity Model. The Lahore Journal Of Economics, 16(1), 23–62. https://doi.org/10.35536/lje.2011.v16.i1.a2
  • Greenway, D. N. (2003). Panel Data Regression Models. In basic Economics(4th.ed) New York; McGraw- Hill.
  • Kumar, A. (2006). China-Pakistan Economics Relations, Special Report30, New Delhi; Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies.
  • Kiran et al. (2018). Determinants of trade potential between Pakistan and SAFTA countries by using gravity model, City University Research Journal, 8, 2.
  • Lai, H., & Chun Zhu, S. (2004). The determinates of bilateral trade. Canadian Journal of Economics, 37(2), 459-483.
  • Ozder, & Dizen, E. (2010). Turkey's Trade potential with EuroZone Countries; A Gravity Study, European Journal of Scientific Research,43(1),
  • Rahman, M. M. (2003). A Panel Analysis of Bangladesh's Trade; The Gravity Model Approach, Sydney; University of Sydney.
  • Rahman, M. M., Shadat, W. B., Nd Das, N. C. (2006). Trade Potential in SAFTA; An application of Augmented Gravity Model, Paper 61, Dhaka, Centre for Policy Dialogue.
  • Rehman, M. M. (2009). Australia's global trade potential; evidence from the gravity model analysis. In Proceedings of the 2009 Oxford Business and Economics Conference, 141, Oxford University Press.
  • Roy, M., & Rayhan, M. I. (2012). Import Flows of Bangladesh: Gravity Model Approach under Panel Data Methodology. Dhaka University Journal of Science, 60(2), 153– 157. https://doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v60i2.11485
  • Ruiz, J. M., & Vilarrubia, J. M. (2007). The Wise Use of Dummies in Gravity Models: Export Potentials in the Euromed Region. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.997992
  • Irshad, M. S., Xin, Q., Hui, Z., & Arshad, H. (2018). An empirical analysis of Pakistan’s bilateral trade and trade potential with China: A gravity model approach. Cogent Economics & Finance, 6(1), 1504409. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2018.1504409
  • Simwaka, K. (2010). An Empirical Evaluation of Trade Potential on Southern African Development Community. AERC Research Paper No, 235.
  • Wang, C., Wei, Y., & Liu, X. (2010). Determinants of bilateral trade flow in OECD countries; evidence from gravity panel data models. The World Economy, 33 (7), 894-915.
  • World Bank. (2007). World Economy Gravity Models. In World Development Indicators, [CD-ROM].

References

  • Amir, F., Dey, S., Jamali. G. A. & Mulluk, A. W. (2021). Pakistan and India Trade: Prospects and challenges, Global Scientific Journals, 9, 2,
  • Achakzai, J. K. (2006). Intra-ECO Trade: A Potential Region for Pakistan’s Future Trade. The Pakistan Development Review, 45(3), 425–437. https://doi.org/10.30541/v45i3pp.425-437
  • Ahmed, S. & Ghani, E. (2007), South Asia's Growth and Regional Integration; an overview. In South Asia; Growth and Regional Integration. Washington, DC, World Bank.
  • Anderson, J.E. (1979). A Theoretical Foundation for the Gravity Equation. American Economic Review, 69(1), 106- 116.
  • Anderson, J. E, & van Wincoop, E. (2001). Border, Trade and welfare, Working Paper 508. Boston, MA; Department of Economics, Boston College.
  • Baltagi, B. H. (2000). Econometric Analysis of Panel Data, Chapter 14. Englewood Cliffs, NJ; Prentice-Hall.
  • Akhtar, S., & Malik, F. (2000). Pakistan'strade performance vis-a-vis its major trading. The Pakistan Development Review, 39(1), 37-50.
  • Batra, A. (2006). India’s Global Trade Potential: The Gravity Model Approach. Global Economic Review, 35(3), 327– 361. https://doi.org/10.1080/12265080600888090
  • Bussiere, M., & Schnatz, B. (2006). Evaluating China's Integration in World Trade with a Gravity Model Based Benchmark, Working Paper 693, Frankfurt; European Central Bank.
  • Jomit, C. P. (2014). Export Potential of Environmental Goods in India: A Gravity Model Analysis. Transnational Corporations Review, 6(2), 115–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/19186444.2014.11658386
  • Alexander, B. D. (2009). The Gravity Model and the Test for the Regional Integration Effect: The Case of Tanzania. The Journal of Developing Areas, 43(1), 25–44. https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.0.0040
  • Frankel, J. A., & Rome, D. (1999). Does trade causes economic growth? American Economic Review, 89(3), 379-399.
  • Fontoura, M. P., Marttnez-Galln, E., & Dias Proenca, I. M. (2006). Trade Potential in an Enlarged European Union: A Recent Approach. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2718065
  • Gujrati, B. N. (2003). Panel Data Regression Models. In Basic Econometrics (4th ed.). New York; McGraw-Hill.
  • Gul, N., & M. Yasin, H. (2011). The Trade Potential of Pakistan: An Application of the Gravity Model. The Lahore Journal Of Economics, 16(1), 23–62. https://doi.org/10.35536/lje.2011.v16.i1.a2
  • Greenway, D. N. (2003). Panel Data Regression Models. In basic Economics(4th.ed) New York; McGraw- Hill.
  • Kumar, A. (2006). China-Pakistan Economics Relations, Special Report30, New Delhi; Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies.
  • Kiran et al. (2018). Determinants of trade potential between Pakistan and SAFTA countries by using gravity model, City University Research Journal, 8, 2.
  • Lai, H., & Chun Zhu, S. (2004). The determinates of bilateral trade. Canadian Journal of Economics, 37(2), 459-483.
  • Ozder, & Dizen, E. (2010). Turkey's Trade potential with EuroZone Countries; A Gravity Study, European Journal of Scientific Research,43(1),
  • Rahman, M. M. (2003). A Panel Analysis of Bangladesh's Trade; The Gravity Model Approach, Sydney; University of Sydney.
  • Rahman, M. M., Shadat, W. B., Nd Das, N. C. (2006). Trade Potential in SAFTA; An application of Augmented Gravity Model, Paper 61, Dhaka, Centre for Policy Dialogue.
  • Rehman, M. M. (2009). Australia's global trade potential; evidence from the gravity model analysis. In Proceedings of the 2009 Oxford Business and Economics Conference, 141, Oxford University Press.
  • Roy, M., & Rayhan, M. I. (2012). Import Flows of Bangladesh: Gravity Model Approach under Panel Data Methodology. Dhaka University Journal of Science, 60(2), 153– 157. https://doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v60i2.11485
  • Ruiz, J. M., & Vilarrubia, J. M. (2007). The Wise Use of Dummies in Gravity Models: Export Potentials in the Euromed Region. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.997992
  • Irshad, M. S., Xin, Q., Hui, Z., & Arshad, H. (2018). An empirical analysis of Pakistan’s bilateral trade and trade potential with China: A gravity model approach. Cogent Economics & Finance, 6(1), 1504409. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2018.1504409
  • Simwaka, K. (2010). An Empirical Evaluation of Trade Potential on Southern African Development Community. AERC Research Paper No, 235.
  • Wang, C., Wei, Y., & Liu, X. (2010). Determinants of bilateral trade flow in OECD countries; evidence from gravity panel data models. The World Economy, 33 (7), 894-915.
  • World Bank. (2007). World Economy Gravity Models. In World Development Indicators, [CD-ROM].

Cite this article

APA

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Lakhan, Allah Bux, Zulfiqar Ali Keeryo, and Faiz Muhammad Khuwaja. 2022. "Trade Development in Pakistan: An Evidence by Gravity Model Approach." Global Economics Review, VII (II): 90-102 doi: 10.31703/ger.2022(VII-II).08

HARVARD

    HARVARD : LAKHAN, A. B., KEERYO, Z. A. & KHUWAJA, F. M. 2022. Trade Development in Pakistan: An Evidence by Gravity Model Approach. Global Economics Review, VII, 90-102.

MHRA

    MHRA : Lakhan, Allah Bux, Zulfiqar Ali Keeryo, and Faiz Muhammad Khuwaja. 2022. "Trade Development in Pakistan: An Evidence by Gravity Model Approach." Global Economics Review, VII: 90-102

MLA

    MLA : Lakhan, Allah Bux, Zulfiqar Ali Keeryo, and Faiz Muhammad Khuwaja. "Trade Development in Pakistan: An Evidence by Gravity Model Approach." Global Economics Review, VII.II (2022): 90-102 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Lakhan, Allah Bux, Keeryo, Zulfiqar Ali, and Khuwaja, Faiz Muhammad (2022), "Trade Development in Pakistan: An Evidence by Gravity Model Approach", Global Economics Review, VII (II), 90-102

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Lakhan, Allah Bux, Zulfiqar Ali Keeryo, and Faiz Muhammad Khuwaja. "Trade Development in Pakistan: An Evidence by Gravity Model Approach." Global Economics Review VII, no. II (2022): 90-102. https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2022(VII-II).08