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HAPPY SUPPLYING AN OVERVIEW OF MOONLIGHTING BY UNIVERSITY TEACHERS

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03 Pages : 22-32

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2019(IV-I).03      10.31703/ger.2019(IV-I).03      Published : Mar 2019

Happy Supplying? An Overview of Moonlighting by University Teachers

Abstract

    This paper addresses the need fulfillment of moonlighting university teachers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. We selected nine public sector universities randomly following by the calculation of respondents for each category of teachers through the proportion allocation method. The sample consisted of 656 faculty members. The study used Porter Need Satisfaction questionnaire and compared moonlighter and non-moonlighter teachers needs fulfillment. The results reveal that there is no difference between the social needs, actualization needs and esteem needs of the moonlighters and non-moonlighter teachers. In the case of selffulfillment and security needs, there was found a difference for both the categories. The results reveal an insignificant difference between teachers practicing moonlighting and those not moonlighting in terms of need fulfillment and moonlighters are more deficient in security, esteem and actualization needs. The study suggested the formalization and encouragement of moonlighting as well as improvement of work conditions (pecuniary and non-pecuniary).

    Moonlighting, PNSQ, Need Fulfillment, Higher Education Institutes

    (1) Noor Jehan
    Assistant Professor,Department of Economics,Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Himayatullah Khan
    Professor,Institute of Development studies, the university of agriculture Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Arif
    Assistant Professor,Department of Management Science,University of Swabi, KP, Pakistan.
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Cite this article

APA

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Jehan, Noor, Himayatullah Khan, and Muhammad Arif. 2019. "Happy Supplying? An Overview of Moonlighting by University Teachers." Global Economics Review, IV (I): 22-32 doi: 10.31703/ger.2019(IV-I).03

HARVARD

    HARVARD : JEHAN, N., KHAN, H. & ARIF, M. 2019. Happy Supplying? An Overview of Moonlighting by University Teachers. Global Economics Review, IV, 22-32.

MHRA

    MHRA : Jehan, Noor, Himayatullah Khan, and Muhammad Arif. 2019. "Happy Supplying? An Overview of Moonlighting by University Teachers." Global Economics Review, IV: 22-32

MLA

    MLA : Jehan, Noor, Himayatullah Khan, and Muhammad Arif. "Happy Supplying? An Overview of Moonlighting by University Teachers." Global Economics Review, IV.I (2019): 22-32 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Jehan, Noor, Khan, Himayatullah, and Arif, Muhammad (2019), "Happy Supplying? An Overview of Moonlighting by University Teachers", Global Economics Review, IV (I), 22-32

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Jehan, Noor, Himayatullah Khan, and Muhammad Arif. "Happy Supplying? An Overview of Moonlighting by University Teachers." Global Economics Review IV, no. I (2019): 22-32. https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2019(IV-I).03