ARTICLE

NEXUS BETWEEN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND TRADE LIBERALIZATION COMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

  1. HOME
  2. ARTICLE

13 Pages : 148-155

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2022(VII-II).13      10.31703/ger.2022(VII-II).13      Published : Jun 2022

Nexus between Human Development and Trade Liberalization: Comparative Analyses of Developed and Developing Countries

Abstract

    The purpose of this study is to compare the impact of trade liberalization on human development among developing and developed countries. The study collected data from seven developing and seven developed countries for the period 2005 to 2019. The human development index (HDI) is used as a measure of human development (social development),and trade openness (trade percentage of GDP) is used as a proxy for trade liberalization. The study concluded that in both developing and developed economies, trade liberalization encourages human development further; it is also concluded that economic growth (GDP) of both economies also plays an important role in encouraging human development while an increase in population burdened human development in both economies. However,inflation critically impacts human development in developed countries while showing no effect on developing countries.

    Human Development, Trade Liberalization, Economic Growth

    (1) Nigar Zehra
    Assistant Professor, Research Economist, Applied Economics Research Centre, University of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
    (2) Sanam Wagma Khattak
    Department of Economics, University Of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
Fulltext PDF

References

  • Ahmad, N., Hayat, M. F., Luqman, M., & Ullah, S. (2012). The Causal Links between Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth In Pakistan. European Journal of Business and Economics, 6. https://doi.org/10.12955/ejbe.v6i0.137
  • Banik, N., & Yoonus, C. (2012). Trade as an Answer to Sustainable Economic Growth—The ECOWAS Story. Global Business Review, 13(2), 311–326. https://doi.org/10.1177/097215091201300209
  • Byaro, M., Nkonoki, J., & Mayaya, H. (2021). The contribution of trade openness to health outcomes in sub-Saharan African countries: A dynamic panel analysis. Research in Globalization, 3, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resglo.2021.100067
  • Fatah, F. A., Othman, N., & Shamsiah, A. (2012). Economic Growth,
  • Political Freedom and Human Development: China, Indonesia and Malaysia. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(1),
  • Gunduz, U., Hisarciklilar, M., & Kaya, T. (2009). The Impact of Trade on Social Development. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 1648-1651.
  • Hamid, Z., & Amin, R. M. (2013). Trade and Human Development in OIC Countries: A Panel Data Analysis. Islamic Economic Studies, 21(2), 55–70. https://doi.org/10.12816/0001558
  • Jawaid, S. T., & Waheed, A. (2017). Contribution of International Trade in Human Development of Pakistan. Global Business Review, 18(5), 1155–1177. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150917710345
  • Mustafaa, G., Rizovb, M., & Kernohanc, D. (2017) Growth, Human Development, and Trade: The Asian Experience. Economic Modelling Journal, 61, 93-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2016.12.007
  • Nourzad, F., & Powell, J. J. (2003) "Openness, Growth, and Development: Evidence from a Panel of Developing Countries". Economics Faculty Research and Publications. 102. https://epublications.marquette.edu/econ_fac/102
  • Reuveny, R., & Li, Q. (2003). Economic Openness, Democracy, and Income Inequality: An Empirical Analysis, Comparative Political Studies 36(5), 575- 601.
  • Roberto, R., & Dani, R. (2004). "Rule of Law, Democracy, Openness, and Income: Estimating the Interrelationships," NBER Working Papers 10750, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  • Sattar, R., & Khan, R. E. A. (2010). Trade Growth and Poverty: A Case of Pakistan the Islamia University of Bahawalpur Department of Economics Working Paper No. 2010/01, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1661053
  • Zehra, N., & Alam, S. (2015). Human Development and Trade Liberalization A comparative Study of Developing versus Developed Economies, The Economic Journal of Nepal, 38(1&2), 47-55.

Cite this article

APA

    APA : Zehra, N., & Khattak, S. W. (2022). Nexus between Human Development and Trade Liberalization: Comparative Analyses of Developed and Developing Countries. Global Economics Review, VII(II), 148-155. https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2022(VII-II).13

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Zehra, Nigar, and Sanam Wagma Khattak. 2022. "Nexus between Human Development and Trade Liberalization: Comparative Analyses of Developed and Developing Countries." Global Economics Review, VII (II): 148-155 doi: 10.31703/ger.2022(VII-II).13

HARVARD

    HARVARD : ZEHRA, N. & KHATTAK, S. W. 2022. Nexus between Human Development and Trade Liberalization: Comparative Analyses of Developed and Developing Countries. Global Economics Review, VII, 148-155.

MHRA

    MHRA : Zehra, Nigar, and Sanam Wagma Khattak. 2022. "Nexus between Human Development and Trade Liberalization: Comparative Analyses of Developed and Developing Countries." Global Economics Review, VII: 148-155

MLA

    MLA : Zehra, Nigar, and Sanam Wagma Khattak. "Nexus between Human Development and Trade Liberalization: Comparative Analyses of Developed and Developing Countries." Global Economics Review, VII.II (2022): 148-155 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Zehra, Nigar and Khattak, Sanam Wagma (2022), "Nexus between Human Development and Trade Liberalization: Comparative Analyses of Developed and Developing Countries", Global Economics Review, VII (II), 148-155

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Zehra, Nigar, and Sanam Wagma Khattak. "Nexus between Human Development and Trade Liberalization: Comparative Analyses of Developed and Developing Countries." Global Economics Review VII, no. II (2022): 148-155. https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2022(VII-II).13