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Volume-VIII

, Issue-IV

(FALL 2023)

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01 - Implications of China's Investment in Pakistan-Iran Relations in the 21st Centur

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(VIII-IV).01
10.31703/ger.2023(VIII-IV).01      Published : Dec 2023

Abstract

    The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) shapes the complex relationship between Pakistan, China, and Iran. Geopolitical interests, historical tensions, and economic goals all influence these ties. Strategic ports like Gwadar and Chabahar are important for regional connectivity and BRI's success. The countries navigate external pressures like US sanctions on Iran and India's influence. Collaboration opp... Details

    China-Iran relations, Economic cooperation, China's Investment

    (1) Saima Basher
    Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Pakistan Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Aftab Hussain Gillani
    Chairman, Department of Pakistan Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
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02 - Exploring the "Symbiotic Mutualism" between the Religious Tourism and World Budd

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(VIII-IV).02
10.31703/ger.2023(VIII-IV).02      Published : Dec 2023

Abstract

    Symbiosis involves two organisms living together, while mutualism denotes a mutually beneficial relationship. This study delves into the fusion of Religious Tourism and Buddhist World Archeological Sites, aiming to uncover symbiotic mutualism between these seemingly disparate industries. Beginning with understanding this phenomenon and identifying relevant parameters, literature and case studies w... Details

    Religious Tourism, Buddhist World Heritage Sites, Symbiosis, Mutualism, Buddhist Archeological Site

    (1) Faryal Wajid Khan
    MS Scholar, Department of Architecture, University of Engineering and Technology, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Salman Jamil
    Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, University of Engineering and Technology, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Hasnain Shahzad
    Lecturer, Department of Arts and Design, Hazara University MansheraHazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
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03 - Impact of Organizational Justice and Organizational Culture on Employees' Commit

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(VIII-IV).03
10.31703/ger.2023(VIII-IV).03      Published : Dec 2023

Abstract

    This paper is an attempt to explore the impact of organizational justice and organizational culture on employees' commitment in of Pakistani telecom sector. A questionnaire is administered to a sample of randomly selected 240 employees working in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Reliability, descriptive statistics and regression analysis have been used for analysis. Results of the study reveal that organ... Details

    Organizational Justice, Organizational Culture, Job Satisfaction, Employee’s Commitment

    (1) Muhammad Fayaz Khan
    Assistant Commissioner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Public Service Commission, Pakistan.
    (2) Alam Zeb
    Associate Professor, Department of Tourism and Hotel Management, University of Malakand, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Alam Khan
    Assistant Professor, Department of Tourism and Hospitality, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
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04 - Analyzing the Effect of Infant Mortality, Life Expectancy and Health Expenses on

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(VIII-IV).04
10.31703/ger.2023(VIII-IV).04      Published : Dec 2023

Abstract

    This study has analyzed the effect of different health indicators like life expectancy, infant mortality rate and health expenses on labor force participation in Pakistan. The study employs autoregressive distributed lag model on time series data for empirical analysis. The study found that infant mortality rate and life expectancy have important impact on the labor force participation in Pakistan... Details

    Health Indicators, Labor Force Participation, Education, Expenditure, Variables

    (1) Ahmad Raza
    Manager, Montrose Deli, United States of America.
    (2) Syed Fahad Ali Shah
    Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, University of Chitral, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Saif Ul Mujahid Shah
    Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, University of Chitral, KP, Pakistan.
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05 - Effect of Corporate Diversification on the Value of Cash Holding

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(VIII-IV).05
10.31703/ger.2023(VIII-IV).05      Published : Dec 2023

Abstract

    The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between corporate diversification on the value of cash holding. Furthermore, the research also examined the corporate diversification‐value of cash holding relationship with good and poor corporate governance (CG); industrial competitiveness and industrial non‐competitiveness; family and non‐family o... Details

    Corporate Diversification, Corporate Governance, Competition, Sharia Compliant Firms, Pakistan

    (1) Idrees Ali Shah
    Lecturer, Department of Business and Management Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Saleem Ullah Khan
    Lecturer, Department of Business and Management Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Fahad Siddiqi
    Lecturer, Department of Business and Management Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
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