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Volume-VI

, Issue-I

(WINTER 2021)

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01 - Parents Perception Regarding Immunization of Two Years Old Children: An Analysis

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).01
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).01      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    This research study aimed to explore the parents' perceptions and knowledge with reference to child immunization under the expanded program of immunization. A sample of 200 couples was taken from different provinces of Pakistan, including Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan and KPK, by utilizing the convenient sampling technique. The findings of the study indicated that the young couples had more knowledge... Details

    Immunization; Parents Perception; EPI Communication Campaign; EPI Knowledge

    (1) Malik Adnan
    Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Irem Sultana
    Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Ifra Iftikhar
    Associate Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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02 - Impact of COVID-19 and Coping Policies Implemented by Higher Education Instituti

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).02
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).02      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    COVID-19 has disrupted not only human lives but also the quality of education especially in developing countries of the South- Asian region. This study elaborates the impact of COVID-19 on education sector and also illustrate the strategies followed by the management of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). The systematic review of 23 most relevant research studies shows that the Pandemic has affe... Details

    COVID-19, Online Learning, Higher Education

    (1) Shaheen Fatima
    Department of Economics Lahore Leads University, Hailey College of Commerce, University of the Punjab, Lahore,Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Nisar Ahmad
    Assistant Professor, Hailey College of Commerce, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. (Corresponding Author)
    (3) Samreen Fatima
    Hailey College of Commerce, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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03 - The Effect of Financial Risk Tolerance and Family Income on Entrepreneurial Inte

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).03
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).03      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    The study examines the effect of family income (FI) and financial risk tolerance (FRT) on entrepreneurial intention in students of Universities of the Higher Education Sector located in district Swabi. This is an explanatory and co relational study carrying a sample size of 330 out of the total of all 501 students from public and private Universities in Swabi. Financial determinants are prominent ... Details

    Family income (FI), Financial risk tolerance (FRT), Entrepreneurial intention (EI)

    (1) Rehan Zeb
    MS Scholar, Department of Management Sciences, University of Swabi, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Naveed Hussain Shah
    Assistant Professor, Department of Management Sciences, University of Swabi, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Arif
    Assistant Professor, Department of Management Sciences, University of Swabi, KP, Pakistan.
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04 - Relationship Between Green Marketing Determinants and Consumer Buying Behavior:

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).04
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).04      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    Global warming is indeed one of the significant problems the planet is currently facing. In order to cope with global warming concerns the green practices are introduced around the globe that is associated with waste reduction, resource conservation and healthy living are considered to be important. Therefore, consumers are more intended to purchase the green-products. Researchers reported that th... Details

    Green-Marketing, Environmental-Awareness, Consumer Buying Behaviour

    (1) Fazli Haq
    PhD Scholar, IQRA National University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Adil Adnan
    Associate Professor, Business Administration Department of Business Administration, IQRA National University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Arif
    Assistant Professor, Department of Management Sciences, University of Swabi, KP, Pakistan.
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05 - The Impact of Corporate Governance Practices on the Firm Financial Performance o

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).05
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).05      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    The study focuses on whether the Corporate Governance characteristics influence the firm performance of Non-Financial Firms in Pakistan. In this study, three types of industries like pharmaceutical, cement, and food were analyzed from the Pakistan Stock Exchange for the period of 2010 to 2019. The authors used the diagnostic test on data that argued that the model is better, like the fixed effect ... Details

    Corporate Governance, Firm Performance, Pakistan, Board Size, Board Gender , Board Experience , Firm Size, ROA, Tobin-Q

    (1) Ishtiaq Ahmad
    Department of Business Administration, Iqra National University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Bibi Aisha Sadiqa
    Department of Economics, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Rashid Khan
    Faculty of Management Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
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06 - Renewable Energy Option for Socio-Economic Development in Pakistan

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).06
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).06      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    An uninterrupted supply and easy access to energy are necessary for the economic and social development of a country. It can only be possible by careful management of available energy and including the increased share of clean, renewable energy (RE) in the overall energy supply. A substantial reduction in the use of fossil fuel can also help to mitigate the global environmental effects. Pakistan h... Details

    Renewable Energy, Pakistan, Energy Crisis

    (1) Muhammad Tahir Hassan
    Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muqarrab Akbar
    Chairman, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Shumaila Dilawar
    Lecturer, Institute of Management Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
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07 - Shifting National Security Paradigm of Pakistan from Geo Politics to a Geo Econo

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).07
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).07      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    Pakistan being one of the most populous Muslim states, is characterized by unique features. It is home to the seventh-largest army in the world, but strangely enough, it stands in 2018 (slightly better than previous rankings )as one of the 20th most fragile nations of the world. Pakistan bears a key geopolitical position in South Asia, linking it with the Middle East, surrounded by Russia, China, ... Details

    Geo- Economics, National Security, India, Afghanistan

    (1) Shabnam Gul
    In-Charge, Department of International Relations, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Faizan Asghar
    MPhil, Peace & Counter Terrorism Studies, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Munib Khalid
    Assistant Professor, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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08 - A Project of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor: A Case study of Significant and D

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).08
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).08      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    The corridor is significant to Pakistan's economic progress as well as the growth of Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Kashmir. The corridor is a major transportation connection between Beijing and Islamabad that links them through land and rail routes; this project benefits the Asian and Middle Eastern countries by promoting trade and tourism between Pakistan and China. On April 20, 2015, it started with... Details

    OBOR, Pakistan, China, CPEC, South Asia, Economy

    (1) Muhammad Ismail
    Research Scholar, Department of Political Science, Federal Urdu University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
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09 - The Risk of Foreign Exchange Exposure of Stock Returns Concerning Non-Financial

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).09
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).09      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    The foreign exchange rate fluctuations do create an impact on stock returns, which has been investigated for non-financial listed Pakistani firms. The real effective exchange rate has been used as the true measure of foreign exchange exposure. The modelled econometric equation includes; firm size, firm liquidity, money supply and inflation as predictors of stock returns. Twenty-five non-financial ... Details

    REER, Stock Returns, Firm Size, Liquidity, Money Supply, Inflation Rate

    (1) Syed Muhammad Ali Tirmizi
    Associate Professor, Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Foundation University Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Jawad Haider
    PhD Scholar, Faculty of Management Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Shahab Ud Din
    Assistant Professor, Department of Business Management, Karakoram International University, Ghizer Campus, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.
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10 - Examining Empirical Relationship among Service Quality, Reputation and Brand Loy

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).10
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).10      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    The study in hand attempts to investigate the intervening role of satisfaction on service quality and reputation relationship with brand loyalty in the hotel industry of Pakistan. The sample of the current research was customers of the hotels operated in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa. Based on convenience sampling, a total of 400 respondents were selected. A total of 356 questionnaires were received back, fr... Details

    Satisfaction, Service Quality, Brand Loyalty, Reputation, Hoteling Industry

    (1) Umar Siddique
    PhD Scholar, Qurtuba University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Imran
    Assistant Professor, Qurtuba University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Sajid Rahman Khattak
    Assistant Professor, IBMS, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
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11 - Natural Resource Management and Nation Building in Pakistan: Agro-Commercializat

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).11
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).11      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    Nation-building refers to the process of constructing or structuring a national identity using the power of the state. Natural resources and technologies associated with it and their use have been an integral part of human life, as old as civilization. The land formed the main ingredients of a natural resource. Pakistan is fortunate because its soils, topography and climate are generally suitable ... Details

    Natural Resource Management, National Building, Pakistan, Colonial District, Multan, Agro Commercialization

    (1) Abida Kausar Chuadhary
    Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of History and Pakistan Studies, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
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12 - US Economic Sanctions: A Controversial Foreign Policy Tool in International Poli

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).12
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).12      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    In this current century, the use of economic sanctions by the superpowers, particularly the US, has become regular and aggressive. The US imposes sanctions and economic embargoes on states and groups who do not follow US-designed standards regarding manufacturing weapons, nuclear technology and resolving international disputes. However, it has failed most of the time to alter behaviour of the sanc... Details

    Sanctions, Civilians, Policy, Targeted States, CUBA, Iran, Syria, Politics

    (1) Nimra Irfan
    MPhil Scholar, Department of Humanities, Greenwich University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (2) Madiha Nawaz
    MPhil Scholar, Department of Humanities, Greenwich University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (3) Sobia Jamil
    Visiting Faculty Member, Department of Humanities, Greenwich University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
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13 - Impact of Knowledge-based Program Management Resource on Social Enterprise Susta

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).13
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).13      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    The focus of this research is to look at knowledge-based programme management resources as a starting point for investigating the relationship between Team programme management resources and social enterprise sustainability in underdeveloped countries. This article examines data from 300 programme management personnel of social businesses in Pakistan who responded to a self-administered and online... Details

    Sustainability, Program Management, Resource, Social Enterprise, Resource-Based View

    (1) Arif-Ud-Din
    Institute of Business Studies and Leadership, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Syed Mohsin Ali Shah
    Institute of Business Studies and Leadership, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Jahangir
    Institute of Business Studies and Leadership, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
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14 - Determinants of Corporate Cash Holdings in Textile Sector of Pakistan

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).14
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).14      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    This study analyzes the impact of tools used for cash holding in the textile sector of Pakistan for the period of 14 years (2005-2018). The tools consist of firm dimension, influence, capital expenditure, expansion opportunity, liquidity, cash stream and cash stream instability and extra expenditure. Unbalanced dynamic panel data is engaged for empirical estimation. For estimation of consistent re... Details

    Cash Holding, Generalized Method of Moments, Textile Sector, Pakistan

    (1) Hira Ali Khan
    MS Scholar
    (2) Wisal Ahmad
    Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Studies and Leadership, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Ihtesham Ur Rahman
    Lecturer, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
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15 - Individual Investors' Financial Behaviour and Financial Attitude: Role of Financ

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).15
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).15      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    As an individual investor, it is incredible to have a successful performance return without financial knowledge. An organization's performance must be measured and analysed based on an adequate financial management system. In today's multifaceted financial scenery Financial Literacy is crucial as it does not only impact financial decisions at the business level but is also important for the countr... Details

    Financial Literacy, Financial Behaviour, Investment Decision Making, Financial Attitude

    (1) Sadaf Ambreen
    Lecturer, Department of Business Administration, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Laiba Khalid
    BBA, Department of Business Administration, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Aniqa Zubair
    Teaching Assistant, Department of Business Administration, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
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16 - A Study to Analyze the Determinants of Fast-food Restaurant Customer Loyalty thr

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).16
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).16      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    Fast-food consumption has been raised tremendously recently and improving customer loyalty is the need of the hour. This study aims to analyze the factors that impact the loyalty of customers in fast-food restaurants. A theoretical model incorporated food quality, brand image, brand trust, and physical environment and analyze their influence on loyalty through the inventing construct of customer s... Details

    Food Quality, Brand Image, Brand Trust, Physical Environment, Customer Loyalty, Satisfaction, Developing Country

    (1) Atif Ali Gill
    Lecturer, Department of Business Administration, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, Punjab, Pakistan
    (2) Muhammad Abdullah
    Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Hasnain Ali
    Department of Business Administration, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, Punjab, Pakistan.
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17 - Impact of Strategic Management Practices on the Business Performance of SMEs in

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).17
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).17      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Pakistan are playing a significant role in the economic development, and performance of these SMEs is very crucial to the country. Therefore, the aim of current research is to check the significance of strategic management practices in the SMEs operating in the South Punjab of Pakistan. Three variables were created from the existing literature (strategy devel... Details

    Strategic Management, Small and Medium Enterprises, Business Performance

    (1) Muhammad Ishtiaq
    Assistant Professor, Lyallpur Business School, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
    (2) Muhammad Shahid Tufai
    Professor, UE Business School, Division of Management and Administrative Sciences, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
    (3) Anjum Hussain
    MS Scholar, Lyallpur Business School, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
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18 - Economic Sustainability and CO2 Emission in Pakistan: Revisiting the EKC Hypothe

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).18
10.31703/ger.2021(VI-I).18      Published : Mar 2021

Abstract

    The public concern over the environmental degradation has received an increasing interest of the researchers in the last few decades. This paper intends to scrutinize the EKC hypothesis within the framework of the ARDL model over the period of 1976-2020. Along with ECM, different types of appropriate tests are also carried for the purpose of diagnosing the data and recognizing the pattern of causa... Details

    Economic Sustainablity, CO2 Emisison, Pakistan, EKC Hypothesis, ARDL Model, GDP

    (1) Minhajuddin
    Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Business and Economics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan
    (2) Sumaira
    Lecturer in Economics, Higher Education Department, KP, Pakistan
    (3) Brekhana Gul
    Lecturer, Department of Economics, Faculty of Business and Economics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
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